Natural disasters ~

The tragedy of armero  (＾▿＾)

The armero tragedy, was one of the major consequences of the eruption of the nevado del ruiz in Tolima, Colombia on November 13, 1985 after 69 years of dormancy, the volcano´s eruption caught nearby towns unaware, even though the government had recived warmings to evacuate the area from multiple volcanological organizations when volcanic activity had been detected in September, 1985

symbol of strenght  (＾▿＾)

Omayra sanchez was a Colombian girl killed in the department of Tolima in armero, by the 1985 eruption of the nevado del ruiz volcano when she was 13 years old.
After a lahar demolished her home, sanchez became pinned beneath the debris of her house where she remained trapped in water for three days, after 60 hours of struggling, she died.

She is a symbol of strength because she resisted as much as she could and she never complained or brought dramatic and the most important, is that se never lose hope.

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The separation of Panama <> ... >

The background (＾▿＾)

The result of the Thousand Days' War was negative for Colombia, military spending occupied most of the income and were available money not had to finance the armies, which affected the smooth running of the country: they are stopped build hospitals, schools and transport routes.

Why Panama broke away? (＾▿＾)

The most serious of the Thousand Days' War consequence was the loss of Panama, where the United States saw the opportunity to build a canal to connect the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. Panamanians feared above all the United States saw more feasible the construction of the canal in Nicaragua given the conditions of war who lived in Colombia, thus Panamanians decided not jeopardize the completion of the canal on their land and said separation Colombia, backed by the United States and his army.
and it was proclaimed an independent republic

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The war of one thousand days !

in which consisted? (＾▿＾)

Between 1899 and 1902 Colombia took place in the Thousand Days' War, this was a war between two Colombian political parties: the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party, it was a ideological war as opposed to a regional one, and it divided families and was fought all over the nation. After about 100,000 Colombians had died

Background (＾▿＾)

By 1899, Colombia had a long tradition of conflict between liberals and conservatives.

The fundamental issues were these: the conservatives favored a strong central government, limited voting rights and strong links between church and state. The liberals, on the other hand, favored stronger regional governments, universal voting rights and a division between church and state. The two factions had been at odds since the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1831.

the causes of conflict can be divided into direct and indirect (＾▿＾)

- The direct cause was the defeat of the Liberals in the presidential elections of 1898, which enshrined as president the conservative politician Manuel Antonio Sanclemente, liberals did not accept this presidential election

- The indirect cause was the economic crisis that lived at the time. Since 1880 coffee had begun to become Colombia's main product exportation and one of the main sources of income for the country. However, a noticeable drop in 1896 he began to occur in international coffee prices, this generated an economic crisis among farmers, which in turn cause discontent with the conservative government of the time. 

In the days of the 1000 war there were neither winners nor losers, so if resulted was the impoverishment of the general population. Finally in 1902 we reach a peace pact between liberals and conservatives with the mediation of the United States.

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*^* Bananeras Massacre

the beginning  (＾▿＾)

The American company United Fruit Company (UFC), had come to the banana zone of Magdalena in the early 20th century most of its plantations workers were linked indirectly through contractors. The November 12, 1928 one of the unions operating in the region launched the strike to pressure the solution of a list of nine points. This was not the first labor dispute in the area, because since 1918 had submitted resignations of work, but were partial or specific sectors such as rail or port dependent on the multinational.
The list of grievances began with three points called the fulfillment of Colombian laws and binding collective workers, accidents and sanitary housing insurance. Then 50% wage increase, cessation of loans commissaries and vouchers, weekly pay, collective bargaining and establishing more hospitals are required. Although only required to conform to the limited labor law, the UFC refused to negotiate.

Death in Cienaga (＾▿＾)

At the request of General Carlos Cortes Vargas, he was moved to the area as a military commander the day after the strike began, the local management of the UFC took half points vouchers and weekly payment. The rest is considered "illegal" or impossible to grant. Under these conditions the working environment deteriorated and permanent workers staged rallies, blockades and sabotage the railroad to the telegraph lines. As the conflict was not resolved Cienaga decided to concentrate on, but stopped picketing strikers throughout the area.

On the night of December 5 it was rumored that the governor was going to meet with workers to find solutions to unemployment, but it never came. For its part, the central government issued the Legislative Decree No. 1 declaring a state of siege in the area for disturbance of public order and appointed Cortés Vargas civil and military leader of it. This, once received the expected decree took possession on the run and issued at 11 and a half hours Decree No. 1 ordered dissolve "largest gathering of all three individuals" and threatened to shoot "on the crowd if the case. " Consequently, the one-thirty in the morning of December 6 formed before the troops concentrated in Cienaga. After reading the respective decrees and admonish the crowd to leave, he gave a period of five minutes it lasted for one more. According to Cortés Vargas "it was necesary to fulfill the law, and this was accomplished." The slaughter that followed is a matter of dispute, as well as what happened in the days following the fact that virtually ended the strike.

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